The typical time quoted for a Java developer to learn Kotlin is a few hours—a small price to pay to eliminate null reference errors, enable extension functions, support functional programming ...

1. Lambda expressions Lambda expressions are the biggest features integrated into Java 8. This functional programming paradigm was, until now, missing from Java.

Excellent programming is about function, not form Are language architects, or would-be language architects, doing a disservice to Java by overthinking it? Let's not over-design our object models.