A discrete random variable is a type of random variable that can take on a countable set of distinct values. Common examples include the number of children in a family, the outcome of rolling a die, ...

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Example 1: A coin is flipped. Random variable X takes the value 1 if the coin lands heads, and X takes the value 0 if the coin shows tails. Example 2: Three balls are drawn without replacement from a ...

Continuous Variable: can take on any value between two specified values. Obtained by measuring. Covariance: a measure of the direction of the linear relationship between two variables. Discrete ...

In the early development of probability theory, only discrete random variables (although not called random variables at the time) were considered. Isaac Newton (1643-1727) considered the idea of ...

The reports aim to provide a clear understanding of key concepts in probability and statistics, making them accessible to learners at all levels. Each report breaks down complex topics into digestible ...

A **variable** is said to be **random** if its values are determined by a random experiment. In other word, **random variable** is a numerical description of the ...