That built-in experience comes via vscode-js-debug, a GitHub project described as a Debugger Adapter Protocol -based JavaScript debugger that works with Node.js, Chrome, Edge, WebView2 and VS Code ...

For Edge, Microsoft has added an extra "inspect" button in the debug toolbar, which launches Edge Developer Tools within a VS Code instance.

The literally-named Debug Edge standard is a new libre attempt to remedy this inconvenience. The name “Debug Edge” says it all. It’s a debug, edge connector.