If you have come across the Exit Code 1 error on Minecraft that causes the game to crash when loading it, here's what you can do to fix it.

Outdated drivers or Java- the outdated Java runtime or the graphics driver could lead to errors. Incompatible mods- conflicting, outdated mods can cause a crash.

Since Minecraft Java Edition relies heavily on the Java platform, corrupted or mismatched Java files can lead to crashes. Reinstalling the Java runtime environment can help resolve the issue.